Pediatric Surgeries

Pediatric surgery is a subspecialty of surgery involving the surgery of fetuses, infants, children, adolescents, and young adults. Subspecialties of pediatric surgery itself include: neonatal surgery and fetal surgery.

Other areas of surgery also have pediatric specialties of their own -

• pediatric cardiothoracic (surgery on the child's heart and/or lungs, including heart and/or lung transplantation),
• pediatric nephrological surgery (surgery on the child's kidneys and ureters, including renal, or kidney, transplantation),
• pediatric neurosurgery (surgery on the child's brain, central nervous system, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves),
• pediatric urological surgery (surgery on the child's urinary bladder and other structures below the kidney necessary for urination),
• pediatric emergency surgery, surgery involving fetuses or embryos (overlapping with obstetric/gynecological surgery, neonatology, and maternal-fetal medicine), surgery involving adolescents or young adults,
• pediatric hepatological (liver) and gastrointestinal (stomach and intestines) surgery (including liver and intestinal transplantation in children),
• pediatric orthopedic surgery (muscle and bone surgery in children),
• pediatric plastic and reconstructive surgery (such as for burns, or for congenital defects like cleft palate not involving the major organs), and
• pediatric oncological (childhood cancer) surgery.

Some other common pediatric diseases that may require pediatric surgery include

Congenital Malformations: Lymphangioma, cleft lip and palate, esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula, hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, intestinal atresia, necrotizing enterocolitis, meconium plugs, Hirschsprung's disease, imperforate anus, undescended testes,

• abdominal wall defects: omphalocele, gastroschisis, hernias,
• chest wall deformities: pectus excavatum,
• childhood tumors: like neuroblastoma, Wilms' tumor, rhabdomyosarcoma, ATRT, liver tumors, teratomas, Separation of conjoined twins